自考高级英语笔记八
Lesson Nine:the trouble with TV
1. A. prominent anchorman warns of TV''s adverse effect on America''s culture.
a. prominent :outstanding ,easily seen,important,distinguished 突出的,显著的,重要的,杰出的:a prominent position / writer显赫的地位,著名作家。
acquire / gain prominence 出人头地。
b. anchorman : (广播,电视)(新闻,体育等节目的)主持人。
c. adverse : unfavorable , contrary 不利的,负面的。
如:adverse circumstances逆境; adverse effect负面影响; a theory adverse to the facts与事实相反的理论。
developments adverse to our interests与我们的利益相反的发展。
adversary :(竞争中的)对手。
2. if you fit the statistical averages , ……假若你处于平均数……
如;on an (the) average 平均起来,一般来说:
On (an) the average , I finish reading a book three weeks .一般而言,我平均三星期读完一本书。
He smoked about ten cigarettes a day on an average. 他平均一天抽十根香烟。
3. (be) exposed to : lay open to 使暴露于……
如:Don''t expose children to ill effects of the Internet .不要让孩子受因特网的负面影响。
Her youth and beauty could expose her to danger .她的年轻美貌可能为她招致危险。
如;Exposure: n.
He threatened me with public exposure .他威胁我要把我曝光。
Much exposure to different cultures is part and parcel of education .大量接触不同文化是教育的主要组成部分。
4. …… it discourages concentration.
Discourage (prevent) ******************. from ……使……放弃
如;The bad weather discouraged them from going out for the picnic .恶劣的天气使他们放弃外出野炊的计划。
It is discouraging that ……很扫兴,……
dis 加在名词,形容词,动词上,表示否定。
如;able - disable使残废;disassociation分离;discharge放电;discontinue中断;disease疾病(由“不舒适”转危而来)
5. rewarding : affording satisfaction or valuable experience ; affording material gain有价值的,有益的。
如:a rewarding experience (effort)有益的(尝试)。
6. applied effort :拼命努力
apply oneself to 努力进行,致力于。
如:It''s hard to apply yourself to some dull work .无聊的工作很难专心致志地干。
He applied himself to serious studies .他专心致志进行严肃的研究。
7. The dullest , the least gifted of (最没有天赋的)can achieve things that seem miraculous ……
a. dull : slow - witted 愚钝的
b. miraculous 奇迹般地,不可思议的。另如:work ( accomplish ) a miracle创造一个奇迹。
8. spanert : turn in another direction使转向; amuse , entertain娱乐,消遣。
如:Nothing could spanert his attention from his book .没有什么能转移他读书的注意力。
The traffic was spanerted onto a side road. 交通被引导到旁边的小路。
9. lead : action of guiding or giving an example 领引,率先。
如:take the lead领先; follow ******************''s lead效法某人; gain the lead占居首位。
10. perpetual : never-ending永久的。如; perpetual chatter喋喋不休; perpetual motion 永恒运动。
11. usurp : to seize and hold by force or without legal right 篡夺,霸占,强夺篡权。
如:The assistant began to usurp his boss''s authority .助手开始篡夺老板的权力。
The duke attempted to usurp the throne. 公爵试图篡夺王位。
12. surrender (oneself ) to : to give ( oneself ) up to some influence , course , etc.沉溺于;沉迷于。
如:He surrendered to despair ( grief ) .他沉溺于绝望(悲伤)。
He surrendered himself to a life of pleasure. 他沉迷于享乐。
13. The surest way to do sth. is ……做某事的最可靠的方法是……
如:The surest way to succeed is to work hard.取得成功最可靠的方法是努力工作。
14. To strain the attention of
strain : make excessive demands upon使劲用,因过度使用而伤害。
如:strain oneself竭尽全力,劳累过度。
He strained his voice to be heard above the noise周围太吵,他强拉嗓子大喊,人们才听得见他。
He strained every muscle to life the box. 他用尽所有力气举起箱子。
15. inherent in : existing as a permanent part or quality that cannot be taken out固有的,与生具有的。
如:A love of peace is inherent in human nature .热爱和平是人固有的本性。
16. …… had bequeathed to us tables of stone commanding that……
a. bequeath :hand down ,pass on传给后代;to dispose of property or money by means of will立遗嘱赠与……
如:I bequeath all my worldly goods to my wife .我将我所有的财产赠与我的妻子。
One age bequeaths its civilization to the next. 一个时代将其文明留给下一个时代。
b. tablets of stone 石碑。
17. Package: vt. to combine or offer as a single unit 把作为整体提出或推销。Adj. 一揽子。
如:a package tour由旅行社代办一切的旅行;
package deal 整批交易。
18. pervade : become spread throughout all parts of弥漫
如:The smell of coffee pervaded the air .咖啡的气味弥漫在空中。
Practical ideas pervaded the whole land. 整个国家弥漫着实际的思想。
19. It tends to make things ultimately boring and dismissible……
a. ultimate :furthest or farthest最远的。如:an ultimate destination最终目的地。decisive ,conclusive决定性的。如:the ultimate authority最终权威。final ,total总数。如:the ultimate cost 最终成本。
b. dismiss : put aside from consideration 驱除。
如:He dismissed the idea for it was just too impractical .他排除了这个观点,因为那太不合实际了。
20. A substitute for ……: a person or thing serving in place of another 替代。
如:Guess work is no substitute for investigation .猜测不能代替调查。
A substitute was sent in when one of the star players was injured. 一位主角受伤了,就派来了一位替身。
substitute for :代替。
如:Who will substitute for you if you are ill 如果你病了,谁替你
21. (Come) fall short of: to fail to reach a standard, level, etc. 没达到, 赶不上。
如:His income may fall short of his needs .他的收入达不到他的需求。
The result fell short of our expectations. 结果大失我们所望。
22. wholesale : in large amounts or on a large scale 大量地,不分青红皂白地。
如:The company fired people wholesale last year .公司去年大规模裁员。
wholesale批发 - retail零售。
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